Crinoids
Complete crinoids are locally abundant. Often overlooked
are
the holdfasts. Several are featured here.
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Three crinoid holdfasts on one bryozoan.
A flattened crinoid holdfast coating part of a bryozoan.
Side view of a crinoid holdfast on a bryozoan branch.
Lichenocrinus is a plated holdfast for Cincinnaticrinus.
The scar from a Lichenocrinus attachment on a clam.
Podolithus is another interesting crinoid holdfast. It occurs
on hardground surfaces, too.